Skin Cancer : Assessment abnormalities
Skin Cancer : Assessment abnormalities https://urgentcarenearmetx.com/wp-content/themes/corpus/images/empty/thumbnail.jpg 150 150 Tony Guo Tony Guo https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/aa9bbdf8f1e6bbf534778ecea7c0c925?s=96&d=mm&r=g- Tony Guo
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Assessment abnormalities
Alopecia |
Loss of hair (localized or general) |
Heredity, friction, rubbing, traction, trauma, stress, infection, inflammation, chemotherapy, pregnancy, emotional shock, tinea capitis, immunologic factors |
Angioma |
Tumor consisting of blood or lymph vessels |
Normal increase in incidence with aging, liver disease, pregnancy, varicose veins |
Carotenemia (carotenosis) |
Yellow discoloration of skin, no yellowing of sclerae, most noticeable on palms and soles |
Vegetables containing carotene (e.g., carrots, squash), hypothyroidism |
Comedo (acne lesion) |
Enlarged hair follicle plugged with sebum, bacteria, and skin cells; can be open (blackhead) or closed (whitehead) |
Heredity, certain drugs, hormonal changes with puberty and pregnancy |
Cyanosis |
Slightly bluish gray or dark purple discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by excessive amounts of reduced hemoglobin in capillaries |
Cardiorespiratory problems, vasoconstriction, asphyxiation, anemia, leukemia, and malignancies |
Cyst |
Sac containing fluid or semisolid material |
Obstruction of a duct or gland, parasitic infection |
Ecchymosis |
Large, bruise-like lesion caused by collection of extravascular blood in dermis and subcutaneous tissue |
Trauma, bleeding disorders |
Erythema |
Redness occurring in patches of variable size and shape |
Heat, certain drugs, alcohol, ultraviolet rays, any problem that causes dilation of blood vessels in the skin |
Hematoma |
Extravasation of blood of sufficient size to cause visible swelling |
Trauma, bleeding disorders |
Hirsutism |
Male distribution of hair in women |
Abnormality of ovaries or adrenal glands, decrease in estrogen level, familial trait |
Hypopigmentation |
Loss of pigmentation resulting in lighter patches than the normal skin |
Chemical agents, nutritional factors, burns, inflammation, infection |
Intertrigo |
Dermatitis of overlying surfaces of the skin |
Moisture, irritation, obesity; may be complicated by Candida infection |
Jaundice |
Yellow (in white patients) or yellowish brown (in African Americans) discoloration of the skin, best observed in the sclera, secondary to increased bilirubin in the blood |
Liver disease, red blood cell hemolysis, pancreatic cancer, common bile duct obstruction |
Keloid |
Hypertrophied scar beyond wound margins |
Predisposition more common in African Americans |
Lichenification |
Thickening of the skin with accentuated normal skin markings |
Repeated scratching, rubbing, and irritation usually as a result of pruritus or neurosis |
Mole (nevus) |
Benign overgrowth of melanocytes |
Defects of development; excessive numbers and large, irregular moles; often familial |
Petechiae |
Pinpoint, discrete deposits of blood <1-2 mm in the extravascular tissues and visible through the skin or mucous membrane |
Inflammation, marked vasodilation, blood vessel trauma, blood dyscrasia that results in bleeding tendencies (e.g., thrombocytopenia) |
Telangiectasia |
Visibly dilated, superficial, cutaneous small blood vessels, commonly found on face and thighs |
Aging, acne, sun exposure, alcohol, liver failure, corticosteroids, radiation, certain systemic diseases, skin tumors |
Tenting |
Failure of skin to return immediately to normal position after gentle pinching |
Aging, dehydration, cachexia |
Varicosity |
Increased prominence of superficial veins |
Interruption of venous return (e.g., from tumor, incompetent valves, inflammation), commonly found on lower legs with aging |
Vitiligo |
Complete absence of melanin (pigment) resulting in chalky white patch |
Autoimmune, familial, thyroid disease |
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